Gamification is the process of applying game theory to a learning environment. Previously popularised as Serious Games (some would rightly argue that Serious Games are their own entity, called so to differentiate themselves from commercial entertainment games, and gamification is a process rather than a product), the L&D industry appears to have distanced itself from such a term to talk more about gamifiication and applying game theory more generally, and applying game mechanics to corporate learning situations. Elements of game mechanics include leaderboards, avatars, badges and other in-session rewards, and multiple pathways.